Q methodology is used to study subjectivity, that is, to say subjective opinions, values or beliefs to answer questions about 'what' or 'how'. 3 4 Q methodology allows us to identify and describe the shared viewpoints that exist on a topic revealing areas of consensus and disagreement across these views.

In Q-methodology, data analysis uses correlation and by-person factor analysis, that is, statistical analysis is not performed by variable, trait, or statement, but rather by person. People correlate to others with similar opinions based on their Q-sorts.

Q Methodology, also referred to as Q-Sort, is a research method used to investigate the 'subjectivity' of participant's viewpoints on a specific topic. This is achieved by having participants rank and sort a series of statements, known as a Q-Set.

Q methodology allows analysis of a small non-representative sample of respondents, called the P-sample (referring to person). Q methodology can be considered in both the number of participants and the participants necessary to conduct a study, a small N-method.