Volume 2, Issue 12, December 2017 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology

ISSN No:-2456 2165

In Vitro Evaluation of Alpha Amylase Activity of

Bark Extracts of Ficus Auriculata
Yogesh Tiwari*, Amandeep Singh, Bhupendra Kumar, Ashok Kumar
Faculty of Pharmacy, Dev Bhoomi Institute of Pharmacy & Research, Dehradun
aman.arora12345@gmail.com

Abstract:- Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder insulin absorption and its release from pancreas or by the
resulting in abnormal hyperglycemia. It can be caused by inhibiting the enzymes such as -amylase and -glucosidase
hereditary, poor diet, indigestion, obesity, modern lifestyle, (carbohydrate degrading enzymes). Two major concerns in the
mental & physical stress, infection in pancreas, usage of these drugs in the side effects caused and drug
hypertension, lipoproteins, less glucose utilization and resistance after prolonged treatment. To identify the natural
several other factors. WHO estimates that more than 80% inhibitors of alpha amylases from plant based sources is now
cases are is of diabetics. It is recognized by abnormal the primary concern of scientific research. To overcome these
insulin secretion. In addition to drug therapy, it involves effects the search for scientifically approved and safe natural
changes in lifestyle, such as improper diet and exercise also antidiabetic agents is also emphasized by the World Health
controlled. If the amount of alpha amylase in body is Organisation. The present study is carried out by selecting the
increased, then the glucose level increases in the body. If medicinal plant and evaluating for alpha amylase inhibition
alpha amylase activity is reducing naturally and with against porcine pancreatic alpha amylase using the substrate
influence of drugs then reduce the blood glucose level and starch (Challa et al., 2013).
show hypoglycemic activity (Ponnusamy, 2012).
II. PLANT PROFILE
Keywords:- Diabetus Mellitus, Alpha Amylase
Biological source: Ficus auriculata
I. INTRODUCTION Family: Moraceae

Diabetes is a major problem and is associated with multiple Chemical Constituents: It contains various chemical such as
biochemical ruination. The exponential growth is observed betulinic acid, lupeol, stigmasterol, bergapten, scopoletin, -
with respect to diabetics, there is an expedition in identifying sitosteril-3-o--D- glucopyranoside, myricetin and querecetin-
the newer health care strategies for the control of this complex 3-o--D-glucopyranoside. And other chemicals present are
disease. One of the most critical complications of diabetes is alkaloids, carbohydrates, saponins, glycosides, phytosterols,
post prandial hyperglycaemia, and it can be managed by resins, phenols, tannins, diterpenes, flavonoids and proteins
amylase inhibitors. Alpha amylase and alpha amylase (Zayed et al., 2011).
inhibitors are the agents can be used for the treatment of
diabetes, obesity and hyperlipemia. Majority of antidiabetic
drugs available in the market are mainly act by stimulating the

Fig. No. 1: Leaves and Bark of Plant Ficus Auriculata (Timal).

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Volume 2, Issue 12, December 2017 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456 2165

Fig. No. 2: Fruits of Ficus Auriculata (Timal)

III. MATERIAL AND METHODS CaCl2 (substrates solution). The tube containing solution were
boiled for 5 min. & then pre incubated at 37C for 5 min.
water extract of F. auriculata was dissolved in DMSO for
a). Collection of Plant Material obtaining the concentration of 10g/ml, 20 g/ml, 40 g/ml,
60 g/ml, 80 g/ml and 100g/ml. Then 0.2 ml of plant
The fresh barks of Ficus auriculata was obtained from extract of particular concentration was added to the tube
the Maldevta Raipur forest. The plant material was containing the substance solution. In addition 0.1 ml of
cleaned and dried in shade for 10 days. salivary amylase in Tris-HCL buffer (2unit/ml) was added to
the tube containing the plant extract and substrate solution.
b). Preparation of Extract The reaction was carried out at 37C for 10 min. The reaction
was stopped by adding 0.5 ml of 50% acetic acid in each tube
For aqueous extract the dried bark powder 200 gm was and was centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 5 min. at 4C. The
macerated with 2000 ml chloroform water (1:10) for absorbance of resulting supernatant was measured at 595 nm
three days. Chloroform water was used to prevent the using U.V. spectrophotometer. Acarbose (-amylase inhibitor)
growth of microorganism in the extract. was used as a standard drug. The experiment was repeated
The extractive was filtered and concentrated over a thrice. The -amylase inhibitory activity was calculated by
water bath and further dried in vacuum oven till constant using following formula:
weight (Bhattarai and Bhuju, 2011).

c). In Vitro -amylase inhibitory assay (Tamil et al., 2011) Control - Test
The -amylase inhibitory activity = -------------------- 100
The assay was carried out following the standard protocol with Control
slight modifications. Starch azure (2 gm) was suspended in 0.2
ml of 0.5 M Tris-HCL buffer (pH 6.9) containing 0.01 M

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Volume 2, Issue 12, December 2017 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456 2165

IV. RESULTS

Table No. 1: Inhibition of Ficus auriculata aqueous extract & Acarbose at 595nm

% of inhibition
S.No Conc.(g/ml)
Ficus auriculata sample Standard drug Acarbose

1 10 4.5 18.46

2 20 6.98 21.62

3 40 9.45 29.27

4 60 11.48 38.73

5 80 19.36 48.64

6 100 31.3 59.23

Table No. 1: Inhibition of Ficus Auriculata Aqueous Extract & Acarbose at 595nm

V. ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY

A. The -Amylase Inhibitory Method

35 70
30 60

25 50
% of Inhibition
% of Inhibition

40
20
30
15
% of 20 % of
10 Inhibition Inhibition
10
5 0
10 20 40 60 80 100
0
Concentration (g/ml).
10 20 40 60 80 100
Concentration (g/ml).

% of Inhibition of Ficus Auriculata Sample, % of Inhibition of Standards Drugs Acarbose.

Fig. No: 3 % Inhibition of in Vitro -Amylase Inhibitory Method

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Volume 2, Issue 12, December 2017 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456 2165

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VI. RESULT & DISCUSSION antioxidant activity of Ficus auriculata (Lour.) Stem Bark.
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Various crude drugs and their product have been used in [7]. Jain C., Singh A., Kumar P. and Gautam K. Antidiabetic
diabetic treatment and their use is also reported in various potential of flavanoids and other crude extracts of stem
traditional systems of medicines. Type 2 DM is characterized bark of Mangifera indica Linn- a comparative study.
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