Volume 2, Issue 9, September 2017 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology

ISSN No: - 2456 2165

Taxonomy of Decision Support System Based on

Software and Calculation Method
Rusydi Umar Sunardi Yasinta Bella Fitriana
Department of Informatics Department of Electrical Engineering Magister of Informatics Engineering
Engineering Ahmad Dahlan University Ahmad Dahlan University
Ahmad Dahlan University Yogyakarta, Indonesia Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Yogyakarta, Indonesia sunardi@mti.uad.ac.id yasintabella13@gmail.com
rusydi_umar@rocketmail.com

Abstract:-The decision-making process was always capability for semi-structured problems. Another definition of
conducted in all daily activities, both in the household or decision support systems is a system that supports the work of
the company. In decision-making process, many criteria of a manager or a group of managers in solving semi-structured
assessment required as the basis. As the decision support problems by providing information or suggestions leading to a
systems progressed, the criterias and basics for assessing a particular decision [1]. The use of computerized decision
performance are growing as well. The number of criteria support systems has many advantages, for example, compared
and limited resources sometimes makes the decision- to manual systems, decision makers can use unlimited amount
making process takes a long time. Therefore a solution is of assessment criteria, another usefulness of decision support
system is that decision support system is also able to
created by creating a Decision Support System to assist
differentiate and determine a slight value on criteria that have
decision makers in doing their work. Currently there are
almost equal value, so it can produce more accurate
many studies that raise cases about the system. The assessment results more accurate.
research aims to make Taxonomy on Decision Support
System based on a collection of Decision Support Systems This research was discussed about the taxonomy of Decision
cases and classify it based on the tools used, the type of Support System, this research will focused on tools and
implementation and the methods that are used often. methodology that used at Decision support systems. If a
company or decision makers want to build a good decision
Keywords: - Taxonomy, Decision Support Systems, support system, a good tools and methods should be
Technology, IT. implemented. Before the decision makers were able to choose
the correct tools and method for these Decision support
systems, a classification should be made first to determine the
tools and methods.
I. INTRODUCTION

All aspects of daily activities cannot be separated from II. METHODOLOGY

technology, including in corporate governance. One of the
activities of corporate governance is decision making, decision This research was conducted by doing some surveys on the
making that requires a fast response is also requires a system research results that published in national journals or national
that capable of processing it quickly. The decision-making seminars with the topic of Decision Support System. The
process certainly involves many criteria, which if done obtained paper then analyzed and documented for
manually certainly will take a long time and also less efficient. classification.
In addition, the potential for error is also quite large. Decision-
makers are often confronted with decision-making difficulties Classification is the processing to find a model or function that
resulting from almost equal value of the criteria. The solution describes and characterizes the concept or class of data, for a
of this problem is to build a system capable of processing the particular purpose [2]. Classification is done on various
criteria used in the assessment automatically. With the help of references obtained. In this research, classification is
IT technology, the decision-making process that previously conducted to classify the types of Decision Support System
only conducted manually, now can be done by computerized based on the elements of builders such as the type of tools and
manner. calculation methods used. Based on the results of this
classification, an analysis will be made to determine the use of
Decision Support System is a system that has the capability to the most appropriate and widely used tools and method on the
provide both problem-solving ability and communication system.

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III. RESULT AND DISCUSSION Another similar system was developed by Henny Yuanita
Kurniawan [6] the systems main concern is how to decided
which hotel appropriate for visitor in Malang. This WebGIS-
A. Research Review based system is expected to assist visitors in determining the
hotel as an existing lodging facility in Malang. According to
Research on decision support systems was conducted in 2011 the authors, SAW method was chosen because the method has
with issues on concerning the selection of scholarship students a concept and calculation that systematically simple and easy
at Panca Marga University Probolinggo [3], the aim of the to understand. The criteria used as judgment of decision-
research was to build a java based decision support system to making is not much different from previous research which
assist the decision-making process. This is considered very include: price, location, rate and facility of the hotel.
important given the large number of students who will be Decision support system is also very needed in the banking
selected. This is considered very important given the large field, one of the usefulness in banking field is to assist the
number of students who will be selected. In addition, the decision-making process of the best employee selection on the
number of assessment factors in the form of criteria in position of Account Officer. The decision on determining the
accordance with the type of scholarship also will certainly productivity level of an Account Officer is needed to
make the decision-making process very time consuming determine the incentives for Account Officers. In a research
considering the type of scholarships that will be offered more conducted by Adikusuma and Erawan [7] the selection was
than one. The result from this system is the best alternative performed using a decision support system made using VB 6
based on highest to lowest ranking of prospective scholarship as the tool and SAW method as the method of calculation. In
recipients. this system, decision makers have determined the main criteria
In the following year, Nandang Hermanto [4] also conducted a of financial, internal business processes and customers. Based
research on Decision support system using SAW method. from these three main criterias there are sub criterias with
Research with the aim to solve the case of determining more specific assessment criteria have been made. The output
students major at SMK Bakti Purwokerto produced a web- of the system is best alternative choices presented in the form
based decision support system that can be accessed anywhere. of ranking which can be used as consideration by the decision
The system is designed to assist decision makers in maker.
determining prospective majors according to the ability of In addition to the hotel, the selection of places to eat like a
prospective students based on the criteria of value determined restaurant is also needed when visiting a place. With the large
by the school. The criteria are the values of mathematics, number of restaurants that exist, will certainly make visitors
Indonesian language capability, English language capability, confused in choosing a restaurant. Similar to the selection of
Science and basic computer skills. Based on these criteria then hotels, the selection of restaurants is also based on the criteria
the new student registration team will be able to determine the of visitor desire, in research conducted by Fuspita, Vatresia,
appropriate majors for prospective students. The reason that and Andreswari [8] criterias taken to make the decision
underlies the need for such a system is the large number of support system were : food menu, price, facilities, condition of
applicants available. Surely this will be very time consuming the place, capacity and typical food. This android based
if the process conducted manually. system is expected to help the visitors to choose the
In addition to the academic field, decision support systems are appropriate restaurant or a place to eat.
also needed in non-academic activities such as recreation or At a restaurant, recipes are needed in the processing of food
vacation. The number of hotels available sometimes makes the making. This turned out to be an idea for research conducted
visitors difficult in choosing the appropriate hotel to stay. In by Salsabella [9], which in the resulted in a decision support
addition, checking the hotel one by one will be troublesome system for determining recipes based on food ingredients
and will take a long time. The existence of decision support availability. This SAW Method web-based decision support
system will greatly help solve the problem, with decision system is considered to be enough to help the chefs or
support system, the travelers will be get a help in choosing the housewives to make cuisine. The criteria used to make the
hotel as needed efficiently. Based on that issue, Dwi Citra [5] system are: ingredients, cooking spices, difficulty level,
conducted a research on the selection of hotels in Palembang, cooking time, type of food and how to cook. Although this
in the research, the authors use SAW method as the method study provides a major focus on the availability of food
chosen in the decision-making system process. The SAW ingredients, the researchers also include other elements in the
method is chosen because according to the author, the method criteria for determining the results given more accurately.
uses the weighting assignment for each attribute. The value of
this weighting assignment will affect the assessment results in Research regarding WP method decision support system has
the form of ranking of the best hotels suggested according to been done a lot, one of them is research conducted by Lestari
visitors needs. The criteria used as assessment of decision- [10] where WP method is used for application in selection of
making are hotel room rental rates, hotel location, hotel candidate employees. In this research, the WP method is able
facilities and hotel class. Based on these 4 criteria, then will be to solve multi-dimensional and one-dimensional cases as well.
produced alternative best hotel that will be offered to the This makes the WP method a good alternative to solving a
visitor. case of decision-making.

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Volume 2, Issue 9, September 2017 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No: - 2456 2165

In the research conducted by Aning Setiya Rini [11] and

Suryeni, Agustin, and Nurfitria [12] which the case is about
selection of poor people who have the right for becoming rice
recipients, the WP method has also chosen as the method of
settlement. According to the researchers, calculations on WP
methods are considered more specific to the weight of the
value in each criteria. By making decision support system
using WP method, it is expected that the system is able to
assist decision makers to determine criteria of poor people
who have the right to receive rice donation, given the large
number of potential recipients who will take a long time if it
the decision-making process is conducted manually.
In the academic field, the use of WP methods is also quite in
demand by some researchers as in the conducted by [13] and Fig. 1: Taxonomy of DSS Based on System Implementation.
[14] which in both research aimed at a decision support
system concerning the interest of students. In the research a). Desktop Application Sub-Taxonomy
conducted by [13] was also obtained the results of accuracy
testing of decision support system application by 93.2%, A desktop application is an application that runs offline on a
calculations on accuracy testing are also conducted on the desktop PC. Even though computers are connected on a
research [14] with 85% accuracy result. In other research, network, desktop applications cannot be accessed by others
which is conducted by [15], was also obtained the results of within the same network. This is because the desktop
accuracy testing with a maximum value of 100%. The test application is a stand-alone application that can only be used
results are based on the results comparison between manual by the computer that installed the application. Desktop
calculations and systems calculations. Based on the three application decision support systems can be divided according
accuracy calculations that are above 50%, WP method to commonly used programming languages such as : Java and
becomes one of the best choices in making a decision support Visual Basic.
system.
Research on decision support systems using TOPSIS method
has been conducted in research [16] by researching on cases of
housing selection. The research was conducted with the aim to
assist prospective buyers in choosing a home in accordance
with the desired criteria. The result of this research is the
housing ranking with the greatest preference value that will
become the recommendation. The criteria used in the system
are: distance to the highway, distance to economic activities,
and distance to educational facilities. There was also a similar
studies that have been conducted by [17] on the case of
scholarship selection. Based on that research, there was a fact
that TOPSIS method can be used to process fuzzy and crisp
data. By using the calculation results then obtained result is
the ranking score of the highest value as a scholarship
recipient.
Fig. 2: Desktop Application Sub-Taxonomy
B. Tools Based Taxonomy
b). Mobile Application Sub-Taxonomy

The taxonomy that classifies Decision Support Systems based Mobile application is an application that able to run online or
on the used tools is shown on Figure 1. Figure 2 is a sub- offline on mobile devices / smartphone. This application is
taxonomy of Figure 1, which classifies Decision Support made with the aim of making it easier for users to make
Systems based on desktop applications decisions anywhere and anytime. However, this application
should still have a platform for its use. The widely used
platform is Android and iOS. In both Android and iOS, the
programming languages that support for the development of
the application are just Java programming languages. Figure 3
shows the taxonomy of Decision Support System based on
mobile application.

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C. Most Used Method Based Taxonomy

Taxonomy based on most used methods is shown in Figure. 4

[18].

Fig. 3: Mobile Application Sub-Taxonomy Fig. 4:Method Based Taxonomy

c). Visual Basic (VB) Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method is the best known
and most widely used method for dealing with Multiple
Visual Basic is a programming language that can be running Attribute Decision Making (MADM) type of DSS. This
on a computer. Visual Basic is a derivative of the BASIC method requires the decision maker to determine the weight of
programming language. In the implementation of decision each attribute. A total score for alternative builders is obtained
support systems, VB is in demand because the language and by summing all the multiplication products between ratings
script order is easy to understand. In addition, java [8]. The concept of SAW method is to find the weighted sum
programming also supports structured and object-oriented of performance ratings for all attributes [7]. The SAW method
programming types. In some research, this can be seen from requires the process of normalizing the decision matrix (X) to
the use of the type of flow diagram. a scale that can be compared to all existing alternative ratings
[17].
The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) approach is almost
d). Java Programming identical to the model of political behavior, which is a decision
model that using a collective approach of its decision-making
Java programming can be used in developing computer process. AHP was developed by Thomas L. Saaty, this method
applications in many platforms, including mobile OS. The can solve complex problems with a lot of criteria [19]. AHP is
Java programming language adopts the syntax found in C and also widely used in decision support systems for many criteria,
C ++ but in Java, the object model syntax is made simpler, it planning, resource allocation and prioritization of strategies
makes Java Programming is easier for users of previous owned by people working in conflict situations [20].
programming languages. However, the Java programming
language only supports object-oriented programming type. Promethee is a method of determining the order or priority in
multicriteria analysis. From the existing priorities an
assessment is used in outranking relationships, then to indicate
e). Website priorities and preferences for each criteria, this method focuses
on values without concerning about calculation method [21].
Web-based decision support system is one option that is Promethee provides users with the ability to use data directly
widely used by developers of system builders because the in the form of simple multicriteria tables. Promethee has the
website is easily accessed on the network using the browser, ability to handle many comparisons. Decision-makers only
so it is easier than desktop-based application. Unlike the define their own scale without restriction, to indicate their
website, desktop-based applications require users to install on priorities and preferences for each criteria by focusing on
a computer first. Website can be accessed using various forms values only, no need to thinking about the method of
of devices as long as they are connected to the network and calculation. Promethee uses the criteria and weights of each
have a browser. criteria which are then processed to determine the field's

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alternative selection, which results in a sequence based on its Purwokerto, Semin. Nas. Teknol. Inf. Komun. Terap.
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