Introduction: Patients with uterine malformations have decreased reproductive potential and an unfavourable reproductive outcome starting even from the first pregnancy. Patients with untreated uterine malformations have a term delivery rate of 40%-65%. Hysteroscopic metroplasty is a standard, safe and minimally invasive method for treatment of uterine malformations, which provides a normal uterine cavity in patients with hysteroscopically correctible types of uterine malformations. The aim of the study was to analyse the variables associated with reproductive outcome before and after hysteroscopic metroplasty.
Material and methods: We analysed the variables determining reproductive outcome after 216 interventions with hysteroscopic metroplasty in 202 patients which were done at the University Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic in Skopje during a three-year period, from 01.01.2006 to 31.12.2008. Patients were divided into three groups: patients with recurrent pregnancy loss, patients with secondary infertility and foetal loss and patients with primary infertility. The follow-up period lasted for two years (24 months). Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-square test and p<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.
Results: During the follow-up period of two years after hysteroscopic metroplasty there were a total of 113 pregnancies, of which 46 belonged to the group of primary infertility. Analysis of the reproductive outcome of those patients (compared before and after hysteroscopic metroplasty) showed a significant (p<0.05) decrease in the abortion rate from 89.6% to 12.4%, as well as an increase of term delivery rate from 1.4% to 74.4%. In the group of preterm deliveries there was a rise from 9% to 13.2%, which was not significant. The group of primary infertility had a pregnancy rate of 36%.
Conclusion: Hysteroscopic metroplasty significantly improves the reproductive outcome in patients with surgically correctible uterine malformation.