In contemporary world there have been undergone tremendous expansions of Biological Sciences such as Cell Biology, Neuroscience and Evolutionary Biology through the advancement of various inventions and discoveries that not only improved the quality of living but also increases life expectancy. Here is the list of Inventions and Discoveries in Biological Science which will help the students not only in the preparation of Competitive examinations like NDA, SSC, State Services, Banking, etc but also in academic studies.
Inventions and Discoveries of Biological Science are as follows:
| Associated Terms | Inventors |
|---|---|
| Vitamins | Hopkins |
| Antigen | Landsteiner |
| DNA | Watson & Crick |
| DDT | Paul Muller |
| Homeopathy | Samuel Hahnemann |
| Insulin | Bating & West |
| Polio Vaccine | J. E. Salk |
| TB Bacteria | Robert Koch |
| BCG | Calmette and Guerin |
| Bacteria | Leeuwenhoek |
| Open Heart Surgery | Walton Lillehei |
| Streptomycin | Waksman |
| Stethoscope | Rene Laennec |
| Penicillin | A. Fleming |
| RNA | Watson & Arthur |
| Microbes of Malaria | Charles Laveran |
| Kidney Machine | Dr. Willem Kolff |
| Heart Transplantation | Christiaan Barnard |
| Anti-pregnancy pills | Pincus |
| Genetic Code | Har Gobind Khorana |
| First Test tube baby | Edwards & Steptoe |
| Blood Circulation | William Harvey |
| Bacteria of Leprosy | Henson |
| Vaccination | Edward Jenner |
| Polio Drop | Albert Sabin |
| Gene of Cancer | Robert Weinberg |
| Chloroform | Harrison & Simpson |
| Rh factor, blood replacement | Charles Landsteiner |
| Sex Hormones | Eugen Stainak |
| Sperm | Humm & Leeuwenhoek |
| Spleen-Functions | Barcroft |
| Streptomycin – antibiotic | Selman Waksman |
| Sulpha drugs | Domagk G. |
| Three- Kingdom Classification | Ernest Haeckel |
| Thyroxin | Edward Calvin |
| Turner’s Syndrome | Turner |
| Cancer | Robert Wellberg |
| X-rays | Roentgen |
| Zymase, the first enzyme | Edward Buchner |
| ABA (Abscisic acid) | Addicott |
| Amoeba | Roesel Von Rosenhof |
| Animal Cloning-First (frogs from tadpole cells) | Robert Briggs and Thomas King |
| Antibody against Rabies | Louis Pasteur |
| Antitoxin against Diphtheria | Won Berring |
| Artificial Heart | Michael Dibake |
| Aspirin | Dresser |
| ATP | Lohmann K |
| Bacteriophage | Towrt and De Herelle |
| Biocatalysts | Bushner |
| Biochemical Evolution | Wald |
| Blood Capillaries | Marcello Malpighi |
| Blood Circulation | William Harvey |
| Blood Coagulation-Explained | Moravits |
| Blood Group (AB) | De Castello and Sturli |
| Blood Group (O) | De Castello and Sturli |
| Blood Gropus (A, B and O) | Carl Land Steiner |
| Blood Pressure- Measured | Stephen Hales |
| Carbon Dating | Libby W.F |
| Cell | Robert Hooke |
| Cell Division | Hofmeister |
| Cell Theory | Schleiden and Schwann |
| Chemotherapy | Paul Erlich |
| Chloroform | James Simpson |
| Chloromycetin (antibiotic) | Burk Holder |
| Chloroplast | Schimper |
| Cholera Bacteria | Robert Koch |
| Chromatin | Fleming W |
| Chromatography | Michael Tswett |
| Chromosomes (Nuclear Filaments)-described | Anton Schneider |
| Colour Blindness (Daltonism) | Hornerd |
| Compound Microscope | Zacharias Janssen |
| Contraceptive Pills | Pincus |
| Cortisone | Edward Calvin |
| CT Scan (Computer Assisted Tomography (CAT) | Allan Mcleod Cormack and God Frey Newbold Hounsfield |
| Cyclosis | Amici G.B. |
| ECG (Electrocardiogram) Mechanism | Einthoven |
| Electron Microscope | Knoll M. and Ruska E. |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | Porter K.R, Claude and Fullman |
| Evolution of man | Leakey |
| Five Kingdom Classification Flower-its reproductive parts | Whittaker R.H Grew |
| Foot and Mouth Disease- First viral disease of animals | Loeffler F. and Frosch A. |
| Four-Kingdom Classification | Copeland |
| Glycolysis (EMP pathway) | Embden, Meyerhof and Parnas |
| Glyoxysomes | Breidenbach |
| Golgibodies | Camillo Golgi |
| Green Revolution | Norman E. Borlaug |
| Haemophilia | John C. Otto |
| Heart transplantation Surgery | Christian Bernard |
| HIV | Luc Montagnier |
| Hormones | Bayliss and Starling |
| Human Gene Therapy | Martin Clive |
| Insulin | Sir Frederick Grant Branding; J.J.R Macleod |
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