TRY plant trait database - enhanced coverage and open access J Kattge, G Bönisch, S Díaz, S Lavorel, IC Prentice, P Leadley, ... Global Change Biology 26 (1), 119-188, 2020 | 1240 | 2020 |
Global trait–environment relationships of plant communities H Bruelheide, J Dengler, O Purschke, J Lenoir, B Jiménez-Alfaro, ... Nature Ecology & Evolution 2, 1906-1917, 2018 | 495 | 2018 |
sPlot – a new tool for global vegetation analyses H Bruelheide, J Dengler, B Jiménez‐Alfaro, O Purschke, SM Hennekens, ... Journal of Vegetation Science 30, 161-186, 2019 | 228 | 2019 |
A study of climate change and anthropogenic impacts in West Africa R Wittig, K König, M Schmidt, J Szarzynski Environmental Science and Pollution Research-International 14, 182-189, 2007 | 156 | 2007 |
Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Burkina Faso A Thiombiano, M Schmidt, S Dressler, A Ouédraogo, K Hahn, G Zizka Conservatoire et jardin botaniques de Genève, 2012 | 137 | 2012 |
Herbarium collections and field data‐based plant diversity maps for Burkina Faso M Schmidt, H Kreft, A Thiombiano, G Zizka Diversity and Distributions 11 (6), 509-516, 2005 | 131 | 2005 |
Traditional plant use in Burkina Faso (West Africa): a national-scale analysis with focus on traditional medicine A Zizka, A Thiombiano, S Dressler, BMI Nacoulma, A Ouédraogo, ... Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 11, 1-10, 2015 | 115 | 2015 |
The BIOTA Biodiversity Observatories in Africa—a standardized framework for large-scale environmental monitoring N Jürgens, U Schmiedel, DH Haarmeyer, J Dengler, M Finckh, D Goetze, ... Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 184, 655-678, 2012 | 89 | 2012 |
Chilean Bromeliaceae: diversity, distribution and evaluation of conservation status G Zizka, M Schmidt, K Schulte, P Novoa, R Pinto, K König Biodiversity and conservation 18, 2449-2471, 2009 | 84 | 2009 |
The projected impact of climate and land use change on plant diversity: An example from West Africa J Heubes, M Schmidt, B Stuch, JR García Márquez, R Wittig, G Zizka, ... Journal of Arid Environments 96, 48-54, 2013 | 82 | 2013 |
Root traits explain plant species distributions along climatic gradients yet challenge the nature of ecological trade-offs DC Laughlin, L Mommer, FM Sabatini, H Bruelheide, TW Kuyper, ... Nature Ecology & Evolution, 2021 | 81 | 2021 |
Taxonomic, ecological and palaeoecological significance of leaf phytoliths in West African grasses K Neumann, AG Fahmy, N Müller-Scheeßel, M Schmidt Quaternary International 434, 15-32, 2017 | 80 | 2017 |
Influence du gradient climatique sur la distribution des espèces de Combretaceae au Burkina Faso (Afrique de l'Ouest) A Thiombiano, M Schmidt, H Kreft, S Guinko Candollea 61 (1), 189-213, 2006 | 80* | 2006 |
Spatially explicit multi-threat assessment of food tree species in Burkina Faso: A fine-scale approach H Gaisberger, R Kindt, J Loo, M Schmidt, F Bognounou, SS Da, OB Diallo, ... PLoS ONE 12 (9), e0184457, 2017 | 76 | 2017 |
sPlotOpen – An environmentally balanced, open-access, global dataset of vegetation plots FM Sabatini, J Lenoir, T Hattab, EA Arnst, M Chytrý, J Dengler, ... Global Ecology and Biogeography, https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.13346, 2021 | 69 | 2021 |
Global patterns of vascular plant alpha diversity FM Sabatini, B Jiménez-Alfaro, U Jandt, M Chytrý, R Field, M Kessler, ... Nature Communications 13, 4683, 2022 | 68 | 2022 |
Atlas de la biodiversité de l'Afrique de l'Ouest, Tome II: Burkina Faso A Thiombiano, D Kampmann Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Geowissenschaften/Geographie, 2010 | 65 | 2010 |
Taxon and trait recognition from digitized herbarium specimens using deep convolutional neural networks S Younis, C Weiland, R Hoehndorf, S Dressler, T Hickler, B Seeger, ... Botany Letters, 2018 | 59 | 2018 |
Impact of future climate and land use change on non-timber forest product provision in Benin, West Africa: linking niche-based modeling with ecosystem service values J Heubes, K Heubach, M Schmidt, R Wittig, G Zizka, EA Nuppenau, ... Economic botany 66 (4), 383-397, 2012 | 56 | 2012 |
Effect of land degradation on carbon and nitrogen pools in two soil types of a semi-arid landscape in West Africa S Traoré, K Ouattara, U Ilstedt, M Schmidt, A Thiombiano, A Malmer, ... Geoderma 241, 330-338, 2015 | 53 | 2015 |
Climate and the distribution of grasses in West Africa G Bocksberger, J Schnitzler, C Chatelain, P Daget, T Janssen, M Schmidt, ... Journal of Vegetation Science 27 (2), 306-317, 2016 | 52 | 2016 |
Climate change reduces the distribution area of the shea tree (Vitellaria paradoxa C.F. Gaertn.) in Burkina Faso K Dimobe, A Ouédraogo, K Ouédraogo, D Goetze, K Stein, M Schmidt, ... Journal of Arid Environments 181, 104237, 2020 | 49 | 2020 |
The flora phenotype ontology (FLOPO): tool for integrating morphological traits and phenotypes of vascular plants R Hoehndorf, M Alshahrani, G Gkoutos, G Gosline, Q Groom, T Hamann, ... Journal of Biomedical Semantics 7 (65), 2016 | 47 | 2016 |
Introducing African Plants - a Photo Guide - an interactive photo database and rapid identification tool for continental Africa S Dressler, M Schmidt, G Zizka Taxon 63 (9), 1159-1161, 2014 | 42 | 2014 |
Acacia communities and species responses to soil and climate gradients in the Sudano-Sahelian zone of West Africa S Traoré, L Zerbo, M Schmidt, L Thiombiano Journal of Arid Environments 87, 144-152, 2012 | 41 | 2012 |
West African Plants - A Photo Guide U Brunken, M Schmidt, S Dressler, T Janssen, A Thiombiano, G Zizka Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg Frankfurt/Main, 2008 | 41 | 2008 |
Phytodiversity dynamics in pastured and protected West African savannas K Hahn-Hadjali, M Schmidt, A Thiombiano Taxonomy and ecology of African Plants: their conservation and sustainable …, 2006 | 41 | 2006 |
Modelling species richness and life form composition in Sahelian Burkina Faso with remote sensing data M Schmidt, K König, JV Müller Journal of Arid Environments 72 (8), 1506-1517, 2008 | 39 | 2008 |
Patterns of plant functional traits in the biogeography of West African grasses (Poaceae) M Schmidt, A Thiombiano, A Zizka, K König, U Brunken, G Zizka African Journal of Ecology 49 (4), 490-500, 2011 | 37 | 2011 |
Diversity, distribution and preliminary conservation status of the flora of Burkina Faso M Schmidt, A Zizka, S Traoré, M Ataholo, C Chatelain, P Daget, ... Phytotaxa 304, 1-215, 2017 | 34 | 2017 |
Chromosome numbers of the flora of Germany—a new online database of georeferenced chromosome counts and flow cytometric ploidy estimates J Paule, T Gregor, M Schmidt, EM Gerstner, G Dersch, S Dressler, ... Plant Systematics and Evolution, 2016 | 34 | 2016 |
Continental-scale variability in browser diversity is a major driver of diversity patterns in acacias across Africa M Greve, AM Lykke, CW Fagg, J Bogaert, I Friis, R Marchant, AR Marshall, ... Journal of Ecology 100 (5), 1093-1104, 2012 | 34 | 2012 |
Using species distribution models to select species resistant to climate change for ecological restoration of bowé in West Africa EA Padonou, O Teka, Y Bachmann, M Schmidt, AM Lykke, B Sinsin African Journal of Ecology, 2015 | 33 | 2015 |
Detection and annotation of plant organs from digitised herbarium scans using deep learning S Younis, M Schmidt, C Weiland, S Dressler, B Seeger, T Hickler Biodiversity Data Journal 8, e57090, 2020 | 32 | 2020 |
Climatic differentiation in polyploid apomictic Ranunculus auricomus complex in Europe J Paule, FG Dunkel, M Schmidt, T Gregor BMC Ecology 18, 2018 | 30 | 2018 |
The West African Vegetation Database M Schmidt, T Janßen, S Dressler, K Hahn, M Hien, S Konaté, AM Lykke, ... Biodiversity and Ecology 4, 105-110, 2012 | 30 | 2012 |
Magnoliophyta of the partial faunal reserve of Pama, Burkina Faso E Mbayngone, A Thiombiano, M Schmidt, K Hahn-Hadjali, S Guinko Check List 4 (3), 251-266, 2008 | 30 | 2008 |
Mapping mycological ignorance - checklists and diversity patterns of fungi known for West Africa M Piepenbring, JG Maciá-Vicente, JEI Codjia, C Glatthorn, P Kirk, ... IMA Fungus 11, 13, 2020 | 28 | 2020 |
Biodiversity islands in the Savanna: analysis of the phytodiversity on termite mounds in northern Benin I Kirchmair, M Schmidt, G Zizka, A Erpenbach, K Hahn Flora et Vegetatio Sudano-Sambesica 15, 3-14, 2016 | 28 | 2016 |
Pflanzenvielfalt in Burkina Faso: Analyse, Modellierung und Dokumentation M Schmidt Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg, 2006 | 28 | 2006 |
Geographical patterns of woody plants' functional traits in Burkina Faso M Schmidt, S Traoré, A Ouédraogo, E Mbayngone, O Ouédraogo, A Zizka, ... Candollea 68 (2), 197-207, 2013 | 25 | 2013 |
Addressing data property rights concerns and providing incentives for collaborative data pooling: the West African Vegetation Database approach T Janßen, M Schmidt, S Dressler, K Hahn, M Hien, S Konaté, AM Lykke, ... Journal of Vegetation Science 22 (4), 614-620, 2011 | 23 | 2011 |
A complete digitization of German herbaria is possible, sensible and should be started now T Borsch, AD Stevens, E Häffner, A Güntsch, WG Berendsohn, ... Research Ideas and Outcomes 6, e50675, 2020 | 22 | 2020 |
Magnoliophyta, Arly National Park, Tapoa, Burkina Faso O Ouédraogo, M Schmidt, K Hahn, A Thiombiano, S Guinko, G Zizka Check List 7, 85-100, 2011 | 22 | 2011 |
The vascular plant diversity of Burkina Faso (West Africa)—a quantitative analysis and implications for conservation A Zizka, A Thiombiano, S Dressler, BMI Nacoulma, A Ouédraogo, ... Candollea 70 (1), 9-20, 2015 | 21 | 2015 |
Land cover change and plants diversity in the Sahel: A case study from northern Burkina Faso A Kadeba, BMI Nacoulma, A Ouédraogo, Y Bachmann, A Thiombiano, ... Annals of Forest Research, 2015 | 21 | 2015 |
Matching biodiversity and ecology ontologies: challenges and evaluation results N Karam, A Khiat, A Algergawy, M Sattler, C Weiland, M Schmidt The Knowledge Engineering Review 35, e9, 2020 | 20 | 2020 |
Plant diversity, functional traits and soil conditions of grass savannas on lateritic crusts (bowé) in south eastern Burkina Faso A Zwarg, M Schmidt, T Janßen, G Zizka, K Hahn Flora et Vegetatio Sudano-Sambesica 15, 15-24, 2012 | 20 | 2012 |
A methodological framework to quantify the spatial quality of biological databases JR García Márquez, CF Dormann, JH Sommer, M Schmidt, A Thiombiano, ... Biodiversity and Ecology 4, 25-39, 2012 | 20 | 2012 |
Similar factors underlie tree abundance in forests in native and alien ranges M van der Sande, H Bruelheide, W Dawson, J Dengler, F Essl, R Field, ... Global Ecology and Biogeography 29, 281-294, 2020 | 19 | 2020 |
Cartes de distribution des espèces du genre Acacia L. au Burkina Faso R Wittig, M Schmidt, A Thiombiano Etudes flor. vég. Burkina Faso 8, 19-26, 2004 | 19 | 2004 |
Using high-resolution remote sensing data for habitat suitability models of Bromeliaceae in the city of Mérida, Venezuela C Judith, JV Schneider, M Schmidt, R Ortega, J Gaviria, G Zizka Landscape and urban planning 120, 107-118, 2013 | 16 | 2013 |
African Plants–a photo guide S Dressler, M Schmidt, G Zizka URL: http://www. africanplants. senckenberg. de, 2014 | 15* | 2014 |
Phytodiversity data-strengths and weaknesses. A comparison of collection and relevé data from Burkina Faso M Schmidt, A Thiombiano, S Dressler, K Hahn-Hadjali, S Guinko, G Zizka Systematics and conservation of African plants, 829-837, 2010 | 14 | 2010 |
Typologie spatiale de la végétation sahélienne en relation avec les indicateurs de dégradation au Burkina Faso A Kadeba, O Sambare, S Soulama, A Thiombiano, M Schmidt, JI Boussim International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 8 (3), 1049-1064, 2014 | 13 | 2014 |
A synopsis of the Bromeliaceae of Panama, including new records for the country DA Caceres Gonzalez, K Schulte, M Schmidt, G Zizka Willdenowia 41 (2), 357-369, 2011 | 12 | 2011 |
The use of wild plants for food: a national scale analysis for Burkina Faso (West Africa) K Hahn, M Schmidt, A Thiombiano Flora et Vegetatio Sudano-Sambesica 21, 25-33, 2018 | 11 | 2018 |
Interactive data exploration for geoscience C Beilschmidt, J Drönner, M Mattig, M Schmidt, C Authmann, A Niamir, ... BTW 2017 - Workshopband, Lecture Notes in Informatics (LNI), 117-126, 2017 | 11 | 2017 |
Assessment of the flora of Burkina Faso M Schmidt, A Thiombiano, A Ouédraogo, S Dressler, K Hahn-Hadjali, ... Systematics and Conservation of African Plants. Kew: Kew Publishing, 571-576, 2010 | 11 | 2010 |
Plant biodiversity patterns along a climatic gradient and across protected areas in West Africa SS Da, JR García Márquez, JH Sommer, A Thiombiano, G Zizka, ... African Journal of Ecology, 2018 | 10 | 2018 |
Pleistocene refugia and genetic diversity patterns in West Africa: Insights from the liana Chasmanthera dependens (Menispermaceae) AC Iloh, M Schmidt, AN Muellner-Riehl, OT Ogundipe, J Paule Plos ONE 12 (3), e0170511, 2017 | 10 | 2017 |
The impact of land use on species composition and habitat structure in Sudanian savannas—A modelling study in protected areas and agricultural lands of southeastern Burkina Faso M Schmidt, E Mbayngone, Y Bachmann, K Hahn, G Zizka, A Thiombiano Candollea 71 (2), 265-274, 2016 | 10 | 2016 |
Floristic diversity of classified forest and partial faunal reserve of Comoé-Léraba, southwest Burkina Faso M Schmidt, A Gnoumou, O Ouedraogo, A Thiombiano Check list 11 (1), 1-17, 2015 | 10 | 2015 |
Vascular Plants: Flowering Plants A Thiombiano, M Schmidt, S Da, K Hahn-Hadjali, G Zizka, Wittig, Rüdiger Biodiversity Atlas of West Africa II - Burkina Faso, 184-192, 2010 | 10 | 2010 |
Changes in plant species composition following a climatic gradient in West Africa M Schmidt, D Agonyissa, A Ouédraogo, K Hahn-Hadjali, A Thiombiano, ... Systematics and conservation of African Plants. Proceedings of the 18th …, 2010 | 10 | 2010 |
Climate change aggravates anthropogenic threats of the endangered savanna tree Pterocarpus erinaceus (Fabaceae) in Burkina Faso K Dimobe, K Ouédraogo, P Annighöfer, J Kollmann, J Bayala, C Hof, ... Journal for Nature Conservation, 126299, 2022 | 9 | 2022 |
VAT: a scientific toolbox for interactive Geodata exploration C Beilschmidt, J Drönner, M Mattig, M Schmidt, C Authmann, A Niamir, ... Datenbank-Spektrum 17, 233-243, 2017 | 9 | 2017 |
Biota of the WAP complex–starting a citizen science project for West Africa's largest complex of protected areas M Schmidt, E Assédé, H Oebel, J Fahr, B Sinsin Flora et Vegetatio Sudano-Sambesica 19, 3-6, 2016 | 8 | 2016 |
Machine learning as a service for DiSSCo’s digital specimen architecture J Grieb, C Weiland, A Hardisty, W Addink, S Islam, S Younis, M Schmidt Pensoft 5 (e75634), 2021 | 7 | 2021 |
Scrophularia neesii und Scrophularia umbrosa in Deutschland – ähnliche Ökologie , aber unterschiedliche Verbreitung zweier Sippen eines Autopolyploidie-Komplexes T Gregor, MS Dillenberger, M Schmidt, R Hand, A Abdank, R Böcker, ... Kochia 13, 37-52, 2020 | 7 | 2020 |
Diversity and levels of endemism of the Bromeliaceae of Costa Rica–an updated checklist DAC González, K Schulte, M Schmidt, G Zizka PhytoKeys, 17, 2013 | 7 | 2013 |
Traits of dominant plant species drive normalized difference vegetation index in grasslands globally T Engel, H Bruelheide, D Hoss, FM Sabatini, J Altman, MAS Arfin-Khan, ... Global Ecology and Biogeography 32, 1-12, 2023 | 6 | 2023 |
Modelling the distribution of photosynthetic types of grasses in Sahelian Burkina Faso with high resolution satellite data M Schmidt, K König, JV Müller, U Brunken, G Zizka Ecotropica 17, 53-63, 2011 | 6 | 2011 |
Indicator value of different vascular plant families for overall plant diversity in the savanna belt of Western Africa M Schmidt, H Kreft, A Thiombiano, G Zizka Ecotropica 13, 135-142, 2007 | 6 | 2007 |
A checklist of vascular plants of the W National Park in Burkina Faso, including the adjacent hunting zones of Tapoa-Djerma and Kondio BMI Nacoulma, M Schmidt, K Hahn, A Thiombiano Biodiversity Data Journal 8, e54205, 2020 | 5 | 2020 |
Heimische Pflanzen mit dem Smartphone bestimmen–ein Praxistest M Schmidt, H Steinecke Der Palmengarten 83 (2), 138-140, 2019 | 5 | 2019 |
Workflow and current achievements of biofid, an information service mobilizing biodiversity data from literature sources C Driller, M Koch, M Schmidt, C Weiland, T Hörnschemeyer, T Hickler, ... Biodiversity information science and standards, 2018 | 5 | 2018 |
Plant species associated with different levels of species richness and of vegetation cover as indicators of desertification in Burkina Faso (West Africa) M Schmidt, G Zizka Flora et Vegetatio Sudano-Sambesica 17, 3-8, 2014 | 5 | 2014 |
Restoration of bare incrusted soils in the Sahel region of Burkina Faso M Schmidt, K König, K Hahn, G Zizka, R Wittig Flora et Vegetatio Sudano-Sambesica 13, 3-9, 2010 | 5 | 2010 |
Modelling species distributions with high resolution remote sensing data to delineate patterns of plant diversity in the Sahel zone of Burkina Faso K König, M Schmidt, JV Müller Recent Advances in Remote Sensing and Geoinformation Processing for Land …, 2009 | 5 | 2009 |
Conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity in West Africa-3. A case study: changes in phytodiversity through human impact K Hahn-Hadjali, M Schmidt, K König, K Langewiesche, H Kreft, ... Sustainable use and conservation of biological diversity - A challenge for …, 2004 | 5 | 2004 |
Role of termites in the restoration of soils and plant richness on bowé in West Africa EA Padonou, CAMS Djagoun, AB Akakpo, S Ahlinvi, AM Lykke, ... African Journal of Ecology, 2020 | 4 | 2020 |
Dynamique des unités de végétation et réponse des espèces ligneuses à la dégradation des terres en zone sub-sahélienne du Burkina Faso A Kadéba, FW Kagambèga, S Soulama, M Schmidt, A Thiombiano, ... Revue Ivoirienne des Sciences et Technologie 34, 144-162, 2019 | 4 | 2019 |
Extraction of timber and non-timber products from the swamp forest of Lokoli (Benin): use patterns, harvesting impacts and management options OD Ahossou, B Fandohan, I Stiers, M Schmidt, AE Assogbadjo international forestry review 19 (2), 133-144, 2017 | 4 | 2017 |
The West African Data and Metadata Repository – a long-term data archive for ecological datasets from West Africa EM Gerstner, Y Bachmann, K Hahn, AM Lykke, M Schmidt Flora et Vegetatio Sudano-Sambesica 18, 3-10, 2015 | 4 | 2015 |
www. westafricanplants. senckenberg. de-An image-based identification tool for West African Plants U Brunken, M Schmidt, S Dressler, T Janßen, A Thiombiano, G Zizka Taxon 57 (3), 1027-1028, 2008 | 4 | 2008 |
Delineating patterns of plant diversity in the Sahel zone of Burkina Faso: Modelling of environmental envelopes with high resolution remote sensing data K König, M Schmidt, J Müller eProceedings of the First International Conference on Remote Sensing and …, 2005 | 4 | 2005 |
Neue Wilde - Globalisierung in der Pflanzenwelt A Kehl, M Lauerer, K Reifenrath, M Schmidt, S Socher, H Steinecke | 3 | 2021 |
Distribution of some species of national importance - Woody Plants A Thiombiano, M Schmidt, A Zizka, K König, BMI Nacoulma Biodiversity Atlas of West Africa II - Burkina Faso, 232-250, 2010 | 3 | 2010 |
Vegetation of West Africa K Hahn-Hadjali, R Wittig, M Schmidt, G Zizka, A Thiombiano, B Sinsin Biodiversity Atlas of West Africa II - Burkina Faso, 78-85, 2010 | 3 | 2010 |
Dynamik von Flora und Vegetation in der westafrikanischen Sudanzone am Beispiel von Burkina Faso R Wittig, K Hahn-Hadjali, K König, M Schmidt, J Szarzynski, A Thiombiano Berichte der Reinhard-Tüxen-Gesellschaft 18, 57-68, 2006 | 3 | 2006 |
Rooting depth and xylem vulnerability are independent woody plant traits jointly selected by aridity, seasonality, and water table depth DC Laughlin, A Siefert, JR Fleri, SJ Tumber-Dávila, WM Hammond, ... New Phytologist, https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.19276, 2023 | 2 | 2023 |
Cooling-induced expansions of Afromontane forests in the Horn of Africa since the Last Glacial Maximum M Casas-Gallego, K Hahn, K Neumann, S Demissew, M Schmidt, ... Scientific Reports 13 (1), 10323, 2023 | 2 | 2023 |
Wildlebende Arten im Palmengarten und im Botanischen Garten Frankfurt M Schmidt, H Steinecke, A König, E Brude, K Dühr, B Jakobus, P Roth, ... Der Palmengarten 85, 94-100, 2021 | 2 | 2021 |
A workflow for data extraction from digitized herbarium specimens S Younis, M Schmidt, B Seeger, T Hickler, C Weiland Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 3, e35190, 2019 | 2 | 2019 |
[Buchbesprechung] Jean César & Cyrille Chatelain: Flore Illustrée du Tchad M Schmidt Der Palmengarten 83 (2), 164-164, 2019 | 2 | 2019 |
The potential of wild plant food resources in Burkina Faso K Hahn, M Schmidt, A Thiombiano Trees, grasses and crops, 157-172, 2019 | 2* | 2019 |
New Species Records for the Flora of Burkina Faso M Schmidt Flora et Vegetatio Sudano-Sambesica 21, 3-6, 2018 | 2 | 2018 |
BIOfid, a platform to enhance accessibility of biodiversity data C Weiland, C Driller, M Koch, M Schmidt, G Abrami, S Ahmed, A Mehler, ... Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Ecological Informatics, 251, 2018 | 2 | 2018 |
The Flora Phenotype Ontology (FLOPO) and the FLOPO Knowledgebase R Hoehndorf, C Weiland, M Schmidt, Q Groom, G Gosline, S Dressler, ... Application of Semantic Technology in Biodiversity Science 33, 107-119, 2018 | 2 | 2018 |