Holocene ExtinctionsSamuel T. Turvey OUP Oxford, 28 may 2009 - 366 páginas The extent to which human activity has influenced species extinctions during the recent prehistoric past remains controversial due to other factors such as climatic fluctuations and a general lack of data. However, the Holocene (the geological interval spanning the last 11,500 years from the end of the last glaciation) has witnessed massive levels of extinctions that have continued into the modern historical era, but in a context of only relatively minor climatic fluctuations. This makes a detailed consideration of these extinctions a useful system for investigating the impacts of human activity over time. Holocene Extinctions describes and analyses the range of global extinction events which have occurred during this key time period, as well as their relationship to both earlier and ongoing species losses. By integrating information from fields as diverse as zoology, ecology, palaeontology, archaeology and geography, and by incorporating data from a broad range of taxonomic groups and ecosystems, this novel text provides a fascinating insight into human impacts on global extinction rates, both past and present. This truly interdisciplinary book is suitable for both graduate students and researchers in these varied fields. It will also be of value and use to policy-makers and conservation professionals since it provides valuable guidance on how to apply lessons from the past to prevent future biodiversity loss and inform modern conservation planning. |
Índice
1 | |
17 | |
3 Holocene mammal extinctions | 41 |
4 Holocene avian extinctions | 63 |
5 Past and future patterns of freshwater mussel extinctions in North America during the Holocene | 107 |
6 Holocene extinctions in the sea | 129 |
threat processes and wider ecosystemscale implications | 151 |
anecdotes models and speculation | 167 |
is evidence for prehistoric historical and presentday extinction really comparable? | 193 |
a history of humanenvironmental interactions climate change and extinction | 213 |
nonnative mammalian predators and the fate of island bird diversity | 235 |
is the past the key to the future? | 249 |
14 Holocene extinctions and the loss of feature diversity | 263 |
References | 279 |
339 | |
9 Probabilistic methods for determining extinction chronologies | 181 |
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Términos y frases comunes
archaeological assemblages avian avifauna biodiversity Biogeography Biological bird species BirdLife International 2000 Burney Caribbean Cave Chatham Islands cies climate change coextinction Conservation Biology coral Cuba decline diversity Ecology ecosystems endemic Epioblasma estimate evidence example extinct species extinction events fauna fish fisheries forest fossil record freshwater mussel glacial global Greenway habitat habitat loss historical Holocene host human arrival human impacts Island New Zealand IUCN Journal Late Pleistocene Late Quaternary loss MacPhee Madagascar mammals marine megafauna megafaunal middens Museum mussel native Natural non-native North America occurred Ocean Olson and James Olson SL Oryzomyini Pacific parasites passenger pigeon patterns petrel pigeon populations pre-Columbian prehistoric procellariiforms Pterodroma Puffinus Quaternary Radiometric date Rallidae range recent refugia region remains Réunion River seabirds Society South Island Steadman 2006b Steadman DW stratigraphic subfossil taxa taxonomic terrestrial thylacine tion undescribed species vegetation vertebrate Worthy and Holdaway Zealand