The article focuses on the results of the archeological study, conducted on the ruins of the Fort 5, located in the terri-tory of the medieval settlement Pirmeshki. The work was carried out in the context of the research of the fortification system Dag-bary, which had been a part of the Derbent defensive complex, erected during the reign of shahanshah Khosrov I Anushirvan (531–579) in the late 560s’. Judging by the remains of the walls, the fort had the internal dimensions of around 13,2 by 25–25,1 m with a wall thickness of 2 m. These parameters are very similar to the fort dimensions of the Mountain wall, which have better preserved. The revealed remains of the walls have the same constructive features as other fortifications of the Derbent defensive complex – double-shelled dry masonry of slabs with backfilling of lime mortar. The complex of ceramic ware, presented in the cultural layers of the dig, belongs to the 6th – early 13th c. It can be assumed that the settlement and the forts No. 4 and No. 5 in it ceased to exist in the period of the Mongol invasion to Dagestan of Jebe and Subutai in 1222, the intervention of Khwarazm-shah Jalal ad-Din in 1225–1226 and later the campaign of Bukdai in 1239. The data from written sources, and, mainly, Adam Olearius’ information, who visited Derbent in 1638, testifies to the destruction of numerous strongholds of the Mountain wall by the XVII c.

The aim of archaeological excavations in the Opuk Natural Reserve (Southern coast of Kerch peninsula) in 2012 was to clarify the circumstances of the construction of the Eastern Defensive Wall at the eastern slope of Opuk Mountain. It has been found that the wall was laid without foundation on unprepared soil. The remains of the wall consist of one or two rows of stone faces. Wall’s width varies from 3 to 5 m. The length of the preserved part is about 800 m. Remains of any passages, towers or other structures have not been found. Considering these data, we can conclude that the Eastern Defensive Wall was not equipped to protect against the siege engines, which have been widely used in the Greek military affairs by the second half of the 5th century BC. This may indirectly indicate that the construction of the wall belongs to the period prior to this time. Such findings as the fragments of proto-Phasos and Phasos amphorae in the layer of the wall destruction do not contradict this dating, as well as the fact that the wall, in its eastern part, overlaps the Late Bronze Age settlement. However, the question about dating and functional purpose of the Eastern Defensive Wall may be determined only by the large-scale study of the space to the south of this structure.

The article deals with the issue of the number and location of ash pits in the territory of Western Bilsk. There are currently three plans, but they all differ among themselves, both in terms of the number of observed ash mounds and their location within the settlement. In 2019-2020, employees of the Historical and Cultural Reserve "Bilsk" conducted a new survey and prepared orthophoto plans of the Western Fortification, which made it possible to analyze the options previously proposed by the researchers and significantly correct them. Based on modern mapping methods, an updated plan for the location of ash mounds is proposed, and the number of ash hills within the fortifications is specified.

A fragment of the substructure of the Eastern wall from the Northern extension of the Late Antique Serdica fortification was registered during rescue archaeological excavation in the area of the Lion Bridge square. Detailed investigations have identified three construction levels of the foundation of the structure-stones bound with solid white mortar, stones bound with yellow sandy mortar and a leveling layer of loose mortar and single stones. The stratigraphy of the site consists of three chronological groups: Late Ottoman/Revival (17th-19th century), Medieval (11th-12th century) and Late Antiquity (4th-5th century). Artifacts and numismatic materials date the construction of the fortress wall between the last decades of the reign of Emperor Constantine I and the end of 4th / beginning of the 5th century AD.

The article presents some results of the archaeological researches conducted at the northern city wall in the seaside part of Derbent outside the medieval shakhristan. The soundings (No. 26–29) revealed layers of various geneses and provided new data on the historical topography of the medieval town. fte obtained data point at some cultural layers of Pre-Mongol period (X – early XIII century) outside the shakhristan (soundings No. 26–28). It was period of flourishing for the medieval Derbent when the city occupied the territory of architecturally allocated shakhristan and when the near and far agricultural areas was actively used. These materials also confirm the earlier obtained data that the active life of the city ceased in the second quarter of the XIII century due to Mongol invasions. At the same time, excavations revealed some layers related to the late Sasanian period and connected with the large-scale construction of a stone defensive wall in the middle of the VI century (soundings No. 26, 27) and an adobe defensive wall built in the middle of the V century (sounding No. 27), which completely closed the Derbent pass. On the western border of the surveyed site, six Muslim stone sarcophagus-shaped sepulchral monuments of the XI– XII centuries were found in the modern ditch, as well as some stone plates from the destroyed cists. The sarcophagi are the most extreme east monuments within the medieval necropolis of Derbent, and they act as evident confirmation to Adam Olearius’ engraving (1637 AD) that depicted Derbent and its extensive northern cemetery with such monuments.

В статье рассматривается описание Колывано-Воскресенского округа, созданное в трудах И.М. Ренованца и И.Н. Фалька, публикация которых как научных результатов их экспедиций была осуществлена сначала на немецком, затем на русском языке. Объект описания в работах ученых определяется в качестве алтайского фронтира – особой зоны условий формирования культуры взаимодействия аспектов мировой системы. Актуальным при характеристике алтайского фронтира в трудах Ренованца и Фалька признается восточное понимание фронтира, в частности, обнаруженное в манжурском языке 服 (jecen). / Im Artikel wird die Beschreibung des Kolyvano-Voskresenskij Bezirks betrachtet, die in den Werken von I. M. Renovanz und I.N. Falk geschaffen wurde, deren Veröffentlichung als wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse Ihrer Expeditionen zuerst auf Deutsch, dann auf Russisch verwirklicht wurde. Das Objekt der Beschreibung in den Werken der Gelehrten wird als Altaier Frontier bestimmt – als besondere Zone der Bedingungen der Kulturbildung der Wechselwirkung der Aspekte des weltweiten Systems. Das orientalische Verstehen, entdeckt nämlich in der mandschurischen Sprache服 (jecen), wird als aktuell in den Werken von I. M. Renovanz und I.N. Falk bei der Charakterisierung des der Altaier Frontiers anerkannt. / The article deals with the description of the Kolivan-Voskresensk district established in the works of Hans-Michael Renovantz and Johan Peter Falck, whose publication of scientific results of their expeditions were made first in German, then in Russian. Object descriptions in the works of scholars identified as the Altai frontier – the special area in terms of building a culture of interoperability aspects of the world system. Relevant in characterizing the frontier of the Altai in the works of Renounce and Falk recognized the Eastern understanding of the frontier, in particular, found in manzhurskoy language 服 (jecen).