Plates

PLATE 1
Transverse section of a spikelet, showing gradient from fertile basal florets to senescent floret primordia at the tip

E.J.M. Kirby

PLATE 2
The C-banded karyotype of Triticum aestivum cv. Chinese Spring wheat

B. Friebe

PLATE 3
Molecular cytogenetic analysis of polyploid Aegilops cylindrica (CCDD) for rapid cytogenetic mapping and assigning of genomic affinity of individual chromosomes

R. Kynast

a - Root tip meristem cell, Ae. cylindrica Host (2n=4x=28) Phase contrast ( = secondary constriction)

b - FISH - 18S-5.8S-25S rRNA genes Probe: Rhodamine labelled pTa71 Counterstain: DAPI

c - FISH - 5S rRNA genes Probe: Fluorescein labelled pTa794 Counterstain: PI

d - FISH - repetitive 120-bp-family DNA Probe: Rhodamine labelled pSc119 Counterstain: DAPI

e - FISH - repetitive Afa-family DNA Probe: Fluorescein labelled pAs1 Counterstain: PI

f - MCFISH - overlay Blue: pSc119 Green: pTa794 Yellow: pAs1 Red: pTa71

PLATE 4
An example of molecular cytogenetic analysis of an alien genetic transfer in wheat

B. Friebe

PLATE 5
Top-cross isolation blocks (upper portion) for the production of adequate hybrid seed of a large number of hybrids for a hybrid testing programme; isolation is in both time and space

G. Cisar

PLATE 6
Open flowers and exposed stigma branches of a chemical hybridizing agent sterilized female

G. Cisar

PLATE 7
Extrusion of anthers outside the lemma and palea of an exceptional pollinator male

K. Miskin

PLATE 8
Example of a typical hybrid wheat production field several weeks after pollination

G. Cisar

PLATE 9
Spike morphology of the various germplasms involved in D-genome synthetic hexaploid production, from left to right: Aegilops tauschii (2 spikes),Triticum turgidum, F₁ self-sterile hybrid (2n=3x=21, ABD) T. turgidum x Ae. tauschii, colchicine-induced fertile C₀ synthetic (2n=6x=42, AABBDD), C₀ fertile selfed progeny with high fertility

A. Mujeeb-Kazi

PLATE 10
Co-dominant spike phenotype of an F₁ hybrid between bread wheat and Aegilops variabilis (dorsal and ventral views), showing from left to right Triticum aestivum, F₁ hybrid (2n=5x=35, ABDUS) and Ae. Variabilis

A. Mujeeb-Kazi

PLATE 11
A meiocyte showing metaphase I chromosomal association in a Triticum aestivum L. cv. Chinese Spring polyhaploid (n=3x=21, ph1b)

A. Mujeeb-Kazi

PLATE 12
Uredinia of leaf rust (Puccinia triticina)

CIMMYT

PLATE 13
Urediniospores of leaf rust (Puccinia triticina) (400x)

CIMMYT

PLATE 14
Telia of leaf rust (Puccinia triticina)

CIMMYT

PLATE 15
Teliospore of leaf rust (Puccinia triticina) (400x)

CIMMYT

PLATE 16
Uredinia of stem rust (Puccinia graminis)

CIMMYT

PLATE 17
Urediniospores of stem rust (Puccinia graminis) (400x)

CIMMYT

PLATE 18
Telia of stem rust (Puccinia graminis)

CIMMYT

PLATE 19
Teliospore of stem rust (Puccinia graminis) (400x)

CIMMYT

PLATE 20
Uredinia of stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis)

CIMMYT

PLATE 21
Uredinia of stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis) in spikelets

CIMMYT

PLATE 22
Urediniospores of stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis) (400x)

CIMMYT

PLATE 23
Teliospore of stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis) (400x)

CIMMYT

PLATE 24
Sori of common bunt (Tilletia tritici), similar to those of T. laevis

B.J. Goates

PLATE 25
Wheat spikes from six healthy (left) and diseased (right) cultivars, showing colour and morphological changes associated with common bunt (Tilletia tritici) infection

B.J. Goates

PLATE 26
Plants infected with dwarf bunt (Tilletia controversa) (left), showing dwarfing and excess numbers of tillers, compared with healthy plants (right)

B.J. Goates

PLATE 27
Symptoms of a spike infected with dwarf bunt (Tilletia controversa) (right), including one crushed sorus revealing the dark mass of teliospores, compared to a healthy spike (left)

B.J. Goates

PLATE 28
Healthy and Karnal bunt (Tilletia indica) infected kernels of wheat, showing different levels of infection

G. Fuentes-Dávila

PLATE 29
Wheat spike infected by Karnal bunt (Tilletia indica)

G. Fuentes-Dávila

PLATE 30
Loose smut (Ustilago tritici) sporulating on spikes of bread wheat compared to a normal spike (left)

P. Thomas, J. Nielsen

PLATE 31
Flag smut (Urocystis agropyri) of wheat, showing twisted foliage and dark linear sori

B. Ballantyne

PLATE 32
Flag smut (Urocystis agropyri) of wheat, showing white striations, upright growth and dark linear sori

B. Ballantyne

PLATE 33
Pycnidia and pycnidiospores of Septoria tritici blotch (Septoria tritici) (400x)

G. Leyva

PLATE 34
A resistant genotype reaction to Septoria tritici blotch (Septoria tritici) for three different isolates and for a mixture of them

L. Gilchrist

PLATE 35
A susceptible genotype reaction to Septoria tritici blotch (Septoria tritici) for three different isolates and for a mixture of them

L. Gilchrist

PLATE 36
A susceptible (left) and resistant (right) genotype under a severe epidemic of Septoria tritici blotch (Septoria tritici)

L. Gilchrist

PLATE 37
Septoria nodorum blotch (Septoria nodorum) leaf symptoms

L. Gilchrist

PLATE 38
Septoria nodorum blotch (Septoria nodorum) pycnidia in nodes

L. Gilchrist

PLATE 39
Septoria nodorum blotch (Septoria nodorum) pycnidia and pycnidiospores coming in cirrus (100x)

G. Leyva

PLATE 40
Septoria nodorum blotch (Septoria nodorum) pycnidiospores (400x)

G. Leyva

PLATE 41
Scab (Fusarium graminearum) symptoms

L. Gilchrist

PLATE 42
Fusarium graminearum culture

L. Gilchrist

PLATE 43
Perithecia of Fusarium graminearum (Gibberella zeae) growing in the glumes

J. Ireta

PLATE 44
Perithecia of Fusarium graminearum (Gibberella zeae) (400x)

J. Ireta

PLATE 45
Conidia (asexual stage) of scab (Fusarium graminearum) (400x)

J. Ireta

PLATE 46
White powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis) colonies on wheat leaves

B.M. Cunfer

PLATE 47
Powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis) colonies on wheat

B.M. Cunfer

PLATE 48
Bacterial leaf streak (Xanthomonas translucens) of wheat, showing stripes and exudates

E. Duveiller

PLATE 49
Wheat peduncle with resinous granules resulting from severe bacterial leaf streak (Xanthomonas translucens) infection

E. Duveiller

PLATE 50
Wheat spikes showing typical black chaff (Xanthomonas translucens) symptoms: discoloration of the peduncle and alternating bands of healthy and diseased tissue on the awns

E. Duveiller

PLATE 51
Symptoms of barley yellow dwarf luteovirus on wheat

M. Henry

PLATE 52
Leaf symptoms of wheat streak mosaic rymovirus on wheat

J. Slykhuis

PLATE 53
Soil-borne wheat mosaic furovirus on wheat

S. Fuentes

PLATE 54
Leaf symptoms of wheat spindle streak mosaic bymovirus on wheat

J. Slykhuis

PLATE 55
Symptoms of cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera avenae) on wheat roots, showing a bushy, knotted appearance

H. Wallwork

PLATE 56
Symptoms of root lesion nematode (Pratylenchus thornei) on susceptible wheat, showing extensive lesioning, cortical degradation and reduction in both seminal and lateral root systems with increasing nematode density from top to bottom

J. Nicol

PLATE 57
Winter wheat attacked by root lesion nematode (Pratylenchus neglectus), showing patchy distribution, reduced tillering and emergence of infected plants

R. Rivoal, R. Cook

PLATE 58
Brown patch of desiccated wheat in Upper Egypt resulting from feeding by high populations of bird cherry-oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi)

R. Miller

PLATE 59
Greenbug (Schizaphis graminum), distinguished by a dark green stripe running along the length of the dorsal side, infesting wheat in Sudan

R. Miller

PLATE 60
Russian wheat aphid (Diuraphis noxia) nymphs and adults, distinguished by their double cauda and pale green colour, on wheat in Syria

R. Miller

PLATE 61
Plants damaged by toxins from feeding Russian wheat aphid (Diuraphis noxia), showing stunting and longitudinal striping on tightly rolled leaves

R. Miller

PLATE 62
'Fish hook' deformation of a wheat head (right), caused by feeding Russian wheat aphid (Diuraphis noxia), compared to a normal wheat head (left)